The Problem of Pain

The Problem of Pain (1940) This short theological book tackles one of Christianity’s hardest questions: if God is good and all-powerful, why does suffering exist? Writing in clear, conversational prose, Lewis argues first for the reality of a moral law and of a personal God. He then examines the nature of pain in both humans and animals. For humans, suffering is not a contradiction of God’s goodness but part of a fallen world where free will allows evil. Pain can function as a “megaphone” calling people out of self-sufficiency and into a deeper relationship with God. Lewis discusses divine omnipotence, human sin, heaven and hell, and how God can transform pain into an instrument of growth. While acknowledging the mystery and emotional weight of suffering, he offers a rational framework showing how Christianity can reconcile divine love with real-world anguish, making the book an accessible introduction to Christian theodicy.